Gluteal Muscles

There are three types of gluteal muscles that form the structure of the buttocks in the body. These are the gluteus minimus muscle, gluteus medius muscle, and gluteus maximus muscle.

There are two pairs of each of these muscles that are located at the left and right side of the buttocks. Hence, they are also known as buttock muscles. The glute muscles perform many functions like movement of the thighs and upper leg and also, the extension of the hip.

The gluteus maximus muscle is the largest of all the three muscles in the human body. It is also the strongest muscle among all. It also lies close to the epidermis, and is thick and wide. It originates at the top of the pelvis and attaches itself to the upper part of the femur. It is responsible for the shape of the buttocks.

It is also responsible for all major functions of thighs and pelvic area. The body arises from its sitting position with help of gluteus maximus muscle by flexing the pelvis. It assists in stretching thighs and in hip joints movement. This muscle maintains the balance of the body while walking or standing, and also prevents the body from swaying to one side.

The next is the gluteus medius, which is similar to the maximus muscle. Though it is thick, the surface area occupied in the body by this muscle is comparatively lesser than the maximus muscle. The medius muscle stretches till the greater trochanter, where the buttock muscles attach themselves at the joining point of the neck and mid section of the femur.

It performs an important function of supporting the thigh while walking. It also supports the balance and the weight of the body, since the thighs bear the entire weight of the body while walking. It also supports the pelvis and prevents it from leaning to one side. The movements of the thighs are also assisted, every time the hip is stretched.

The third and smallest of all is the gluteus minimus muscle. It is located in the mid pelvic region and similar to the medius, it extends till the greater trochanter. Its functions are performed in compliance with the medius muscle. This muscle controls movements like bending of the hip, also known as hip flexion and the rotation of the thigh.

Once in a while, vigorous physical activity can cause stress to the muscles leading to mild or sometimes, severe pain. In order to soothe the stiffness and pain, and to relieve the soreness in the lower back, certain exercises can be practiced in the gym or at home.

There are plenty of aerobic exercises for strengthening the buttocks muscles. Powerlifting exercises like leg press, deadlifts, etc., also help in easing the strain. Some other exercises for firming the buttock muscles are cycling, climbing the stairs, and fencing.

The gluteal muscles support the lower part of the body and give appropriate posture to your body while sitting. It is essential to follow a proper exercise regimen to keep these muscles in good working condition.